Leadership Commitment, Open Organizational Culture, and Learning Organization Among Nurses: Happiness at Work as a Mediator

Abstract

Background: Hospital nurses must continuously adapt to changes in healthcare technology, patient-safety standards, and service-quality expectations. A learning organization is therefore essential, yet the psychological mechanism that links leadership commitment and open organizational culture with organizational learning among hospital nurses remains insufficiently explained. Objective: This study analyzed the associations of perceived leadership commitment and open organizational culture with learning organization, with happiness at work as a mediating variable among nurses at An-Nisa Hospital, Tangerang. Method: An explanatory cross-sectional study was conducted among 225 staff nurses selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected using a validated 45-item questionnaire with a four-point Likert scale. Instrument validity, reliability, descriptive statistics, and structural model testing were analyzed using SPSS 25 and SmartPLS 3. Direct and indirect effects were evaluated using Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Squares. Result: Perceived leadership commitment and open organizational culture explained 54.8% of the variance in happiness at work. The final model explained 69.3% of the variance in learning organization and demonstrated acceptable model fit (SRMR = 0.055). Happiness at work had the strongest association with learning organization (? = 0.574, p < 0.001), followed by open organizational culture (? = 0.251, p = 0.004) and perceived leadership commitment (? = 0.104, p = 0.048). Happiness at work partially mediated the association of perceived leadership commitment (? = 0.127, p < 0.001) and open organizational culture (? = 0.351, p < 0.001) with learning organization. Conclusion: Nurses’ happiness at work is a central psychological pathway through which leadership commitment and open organizational culture are translated into organizational learning. Recommendation: Hospital managers should strengthen fair leadership practices, transparent communication, shared organizational values, and nurse well-being programs to support clinical learning. Further longitudinal and multi-site studies are recommended to confirm temporal relationships and improve generalizability.